SOA 10g Vs 11g

SOA Composite Application Architecture

Developer guide

Welcome to Oracle SOA Suite

Oracle Fusion Middleware is a collection of standards-based software products that spans a range of tools and services from J2EE and developer tools, to integration services, business intelligence, collaboration, and content management. Oracle Fusion Middleware offers complete support for development, deployment, and management.

Oracle SOA Suite is an essential middleware layer of Oracle Fusion Middleware. It provides a complete set of Service Infrastructure components for designing, deploying, and managing composite applications. Oracle SOA Suite enables services to be created, managed, and orchestrated into composite applications and business processes. Composites enable you to easily assemble multiple technology components into one SOA composite application. Oracle SOA Suite plugs into heterogeneous IT infrastructures and enables enterprises to incrementally adopt SOA.

Introduction to Service-Oriented Architecture

Changing markets, increasing competitive pressures and evolving customer needs are placing greater pressure on IT to deliver greater flexibility and speed. Today, every organization is faced with the need to predict change in a global business environment, to rapidly respond to competitors, and to best exploit organizational assets for growth. In response to these challenges, leading companies are adopting service-oriented architecture (SOA) as a means of delivering on these requirements by overcoming the complexity of their application and IT environments.

SOA provides an enterprise architecture that supports building connected enterprise applications to provide solutions to business problems. SOA facilitates the development of enterprise applications as modular business Web services that can be easily integrated and reused, creating a truly flexible, adaptable IT infrastructure. You can move and reconfigure pieces, turning your systems into the IT equivalent of Lego blocks.

Increasingly fragmented and complex infrastructures are limiting IT's ability to deliver on business needs. Many organizations have inherited disjointed legacy systems and packaged applications, a large proportion of which were never designed for information interoperability, integration, and reuse. The result of this is that most of the IT budget goes into maintenance of the current IT infrastructure and only a small amount is available for new functionalities to drive new business opportunities. The major portion of budget for new capabilities goes into the cost of integrating new functionality into the existing systems that offer poor support for interoperability.

Traditionally, business information systems have been developed with a functional orientation often resulting in silos of information. The fundamental problem with this approach is that end-to-end business processes, which span silos, are not adaptable to change as business needs evolve. The processes become fragmented and embedded deep within systems. Enterprise application integration (EAI) and other traditional middleware solutions partially address this by enabling systems to communicate with each other, but they do not fully solve the problem. Their ability to create cross application business processes is inadequate, and they allow only limited business process adaptability. Moreover, these traditional solutions come at a high cost. The majority of EAI and traditional middleware solutions use proprietary technology, which causes dependency on specialized skills and to that single vendor's products. In addition, the systems become tightly coupled, so if an interface change occurs in one system, all other systems need to be adjusted. Not only does the technology make it difficult to make changes, it can become cost-prohibitive to do so.

Service-oriented architecture (SOA) helps address the fragmented IT landscape and addresses the difficulties associated with silos of IT infrastructure and applications

Introduction to Oracle SOA Suite

The components of Oracle SOA Suite benefit from common capabilities, including a single deployment, management, and tooling model, end-to-end security, and unified metadata management. Oracle SOA Suite is unique in that it provides the following set of integrated capabilities:

Messaging

Service discovery

Orchestration

Web services management and security

Business rules

Events framework

Business activity monitoring

These capabilities help address the fragmented IT landscape and addresses the difficulties associated with silos of IT infrastructure and applications. It enables greater flexibility through:

Interoperability: SOA, and the industry standards underpinning it, enable existing siloed applications to interoperate seamlessly and in an easier-to-maintain manner than any traditional EAI solution.

Increased reuse: Once legacy systems and applications are service enabled, these services can be reused, which results in reduced ongoing development costs and results in reduced time to market. Further, business processes built as an orchestration of services can also be exposed as services, further increasing reuse.

More agile business processes: SOA reduces the gap between the business process model and implementation. This enables changes to business processes already implemented as orchestrations of services to be easily captured and implemented.

Improved visibility: SOA can give improved business visibility by enabling business capabilities exposed as services, and the status of in-flight business processes automated with business activity monitoring, to be rapidly integrated into service-enabled enterprise portals, aiding business decision-making.

Reduced maintenance costs: SOA development encourages duplicated overlapping business capabilities (services) that span multiple applications and systems to be consolidated into a small number of shared services. SOA development enables elimination of redundant services and reduces the cost of maintaining systems by providing a single point of change for application logic. Further, SOA gives IT the means to gradually phase out legacy systems and applications, while minimizing disruption to the applications that are built on or are integrated with them using SOA principles. This process frees up funds for new projects.

Compliance and governance: By realizing better and more standardized operational procedures, SOA provides the basis for a comprehensive security solution, and enables better visibility into business operations and exception conditions.

Oracle SOA Suite Standards

Oracle SOA Suite puts a strong emphasis on standards and interoperability. Among the standards it leverages are:

The Service Component Architecture (SCA) assembly model abstracts the implementation and allows assembly of components, with little implementation details. SCA enables you to represent business logic as reusable service components that can be easily integrated into any SCA-compliant application. The resulting application is known as an SOA composite application. The specification for the SCA standard is maintained by the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS).

Service Data Objects (SDO) provide a data programming architecture. It provides a standardized view on data, and provides efficient transportation, as well as change capture, in form of a change summary. More specifically, it collects a data graph of related business objects, called DataObjects. This graph tracks the schema that describes the DataObjects. Knowledge is not required about how to access a particular back-end data source to use SDO in an SOA composite application. Consequently, you can use static or dynamic programming styles and obtain connected and disconnected access.

Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) provides enterprises with an industry standard for business process orchestration and execution. Using BPEL, you design a business process that integrates a series of discrete services into an end-to-end process flow. This integration reduces process cost and complexity.

XSL Transformations (XSLT) processes XML documents and transforms document data from one XML schema to another.

Java Connector Architecture (JCA) provides a Java technology solution to the problem of connectivity between the many application servers in Enterprise Information Systems (EIS).

Java Messaging Service (JMS) provides a messaging standard that allows application components based on the Java Enterprise Edition (JEE) to access business logic distributed among heterogeneous systems.

Web Service Description Language (WSDL) file provides a standardized view on the capabilities of a service. Bindings provide the entry points into the composite at runtime.

SOAP over HTTP (SOAP) provides the default network protocol for message delivery.Introduction to Oracle SOA Suite Components

Oracle SOA Suite provides a comprehensive suite of components for developing, securing, and monitoring service-oriented architecture (SOA).

Service components (BPEL process, business rule, human task, and mediator) are the building blocks that you use to construct an SOA composite application. The Service Infrastructure provides the internal message transport infrastructure capabilities for connecting service components and enabling data flow. Service engines for the components process the message information received from the Service Infrastructure. See SOA Composite Application Architecture for more information about service components.

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring consumes data transported over the Service Infrastructure, providing powerful business insight capabilities.

The following components comprise an Oracle SOA Suite installation:

Service Infrastructure

Oracle Mediator

Oracle Adapters

Business Events and Events Delivery Network

Oracle Metadata Repository

Oracle Business Rules

Oracle WSM Policy Manager

Oracle BPEL Process Manager

Human Workflow

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring

Oracle User Messaging Service

Oracle B2B

Oracle JDeveloper

Oracle Enterprise Manager

The following components are included with Oracle SOA Suite, but available as a separate download:

Oracle Service Bus

Oracle Complex Event Processing

Both the Oracle Service Bus and the Service Infrastructure share common components, including Oracle Adapters, Oracle Metadata Repository, and the UDDI registry. The UDDI registry is available with the Oracle Service Registry, which is a separately licensable component. See Oracle Service Registry for more information.

In addition, several separately licensable products interoperate with Oracle SOA Suite components. See Interoperability with Other Oracle Products for more information.

Service Infrastructure

The Service Infrastructure provides the internal message routing infrastructure capabilities for connecting components and enabling data flow:

Receives messages from the service providers or external partners through SOAP binding components, adapters, or the delivery API in the form of XML.

Routes messages based on the composite definition to the appropriate service engine.

Oracle Mediator and the Service Infrastructure provide the following combined capabilities:

Routing services to provide data movement

Routing rules to specify routing, document transformation, and filtering

Subscriptions to business events

Unified error handling and exception management

Oracle Mediator

Analogous to a load balancer routing HTTP traffic, the Oracle Mediator routes data from service providers to external partners. In addition, it can subscribe to and publish business events.

Using Oracle Mediator, you create routing services and rules for them. A routing service is the key component for moving a message across the enterprise service bus – from its entry point to its exit point. The rules determine how a message instance processed by the routing service gets to its next destination. Using the rules, Oracle Mediator can perform the following actions:

Route: Determines the service component (BPEL process, business rule, human task, and mediator) to which to send the messages.

Validate: Provides support for validating the incoming message payload by using a schematron or an XSD file.

Filter: If specified in the rules, applies a filter expression that specifies the contents (payload) of a message be analyzed before any service is invoked.

Transformation: If specified in the rules, transforms document data from one XML schema to another, thus enabling data interchange among applications using different schemas.

During runtime, Oracle Mediator evaluates routing rules, performs transformations, applies optional time delays, and either invokes another service or raises another business event. A routing service can handle returned responses, callbacks, faults, and time-outs. Oracle Mediator can also be used to implement a variety of integration patterns, such as service virtualization, service aggregation, publish and subscribe, fan-in, and fan-out.

About Oracle Service Bus with Oracle Mediator

Oracle Service Bus provides standalone service bus capabilities, enabling separation between application developers and target systems or services. The main users of the Oracle Service Bus are integration developers and operations personnel. Their mission is to shield application developers from changes in the endpoint services or systems and to prevent those systems from being overloaded with requests from upstream applications.

Whereas Oracle Service Bus provides service virtualization and protocol transformations for an Oracle SOA Suite application containing multiple composites, Oracle Mediator is an intra-composite mediation component that is deployed within an application.

Oracle Service Bus

Oracle Service Bus, available as a separate download with an Oracle SOA Suite license, is an intermediary that processes incoming service request messages, determines routing logic, and transforms these messages for compatibility with other service consumers. It receives messages through a transport protocol such as HTTP(S), JMS, File, and

FTP, and sends messages through the same or a different transport protocol. Service response

messages follow the inverse path.

Oracle Service Bus connects, mediates, and manages interactions between heterogeneous services, not just Web services, but also Java and .Net, messaging services and legacy endpoints. It uniquely delivers the integration capabilities of an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) with operational service management in a single product with an efficient, seamless user experience. With its flexible deployment options and automated integration with Oracle SOA Governance Suite, Oracle Service Bus handles the deployment, management and governance challenges of implementing SOA from department to enterprise scale.

Specifically, Oracle Service provides the following functional areas:

Management: Provides embedded service management capabilities that provide optimized governance of all messaging. Its preemptive support ensures that mission-critical business processes continue to serve customer needs, even as business demands, requirements, and workloads change.

Mediation: Provides a rich environment for content-based routing, message transformations, and lightweight orchestrations.

Adaptive Messaging: Reliably connects any service by leveraging standards Web service transports, traditional messaging protocols and configuration of enterprise-specific custom transports.

Security: Provides a rapid service configuration and integration environment that abstracts policies associated with routing rules, security, and service end-point access.

Comparing Oracle Mediator with Oracle Service Bus

Oracle Mediator is an intra-composite mediation component that is deployed within a composite, keeping the composite on a canonical model. Its primary function is to provide the transformation of legacy formats to a common format. It is responsible for brokering communications between components that make up a composite, enabling transformation, routing, event delivery, and payload validation inside the composite.

Oracle Adapters

Oracle Adapters use JCA technology to connect external systems to the Oracle SOA Suite.

Oracle SOA Suite provides the following technology adapters to integrate with transport protocols, data stores, and messaging middleware:

BAM

FTP

Java Messaging Service (JMS)

Advanced Queuing (AQ)

Files

Message Queuing (MQ) Series

Oracle also provides support for third-party adapters. See Other Adapters for additional information.

Business Events and Event Delivery Network

You can raise business events when a situation of interest occurs. Business events are messages sent as the result of an occurrence or situation, such as a new order or completion of an order. In Oracle SOA Suite, the mediator service component subscribes or publishes events. When an event is published, other applications can subscribe to it.Definitions for business events, as well as other artifacts of a composite, are stored in the Oracle Metadata Repository (MDS), and then published in the Event Delivery Network (EDN).

Oracle Metadata Repository

The Oracle Metadata Repository (MDS) stores business events, rulesets for use by Oracle Business Rules, XSLT files for Oracle Service Bus and Oracle Mediator, XSD XML schema files for Oracle BPEL Process Manager, WSDL files, and metadata files for Complex Event Processing.

To publishes the MDS services to the outside world, use the Oracle Enterprise Repository provided with the Oracle SOA Governance Suite.

Oracle Business Rules

Oracle Business Rules, initiated by a BPEL process service component, enable dynamic decisions at runtime allowing you to automate policies, constraints, computations, and reasoning while separating rule logic from underlying application code. In addition, the human task and mediator service components can make use of rules for dynamic routing. A mediator service component can use a business rule for routing messages, and a human task can use a business rule for routing assignments.The Oracle Metadata Repository (MDS) stores the rulesets for Oracle Business Rules.

Oracle Business Rules provide more agile rule maintenance and empowers business analysts with the ability to modify rule logic without programmer assistance and without interrupting business processes.

Oracle WSM Policy Manager

Oracle WSM Policy Manager provides the infrastructure for enforcing global security and auditing policies in the Service Infrastructure. By securing various endpoints

and setting and propagating identity, it secures applications. Oracle WSM Policy Manager provides a standard mechanism for signing messages, performing encryption, performing authentication, and providing role-based access control. You also can change a policy without having to change the endpoints or clients for this endpoints, providing greater flexibility and security monitoring for your enterprise.

In addition, Oracle WSM Policy Manager collects monitoring statistics with information about the quality, uptime, and security threats and displays them in a Web dashboard. As a result, Oracle WSM Policy Manager provides better control and visibility over Web services.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager

Oracle BPEL Process Manager provides the standard for assembling a set of discrete services into an end-to-end process flow, radically reducing the cost and complexity of process integration initiatives. Oracle BPEL Process Manager enables you to orchestrate synchronous and asynchronous services into end-to-end BPEL process flows.

You integrate BPEL processes with external services (known as partner links). You also integrate technology adapters and services, such as human tasks, transformations, notifications, and business rules within the process.

Human Workflow

Many end-to-end business processes require human interactions with the process. For example, humans may be needed for approvals, exception management, or performing activities required to advance the business process. The human workflow component provides the following features:

Human interactions with processes, including assignment and routing of tasks to the correct users or groups

Deadlines, escalations, notifications, and other features required for ensuring the timely performance of a task (human task activity)

Presentation of tasks to end users through a variety of mechanisms, including a worklist application (Oracle BPM Worklist)

Organization, filtering, prioritization, and other features required for end users to productively perform their tasks

Reports, reassignments, load balancing, and other features required by supervisors and business owners to manage the performance of tasks

The graphic shows an overview of human workflow:

A BPEL process invokes a human task activity when it needs a human to perform a task. A human task activity creates a task in the human task service component.

The human task service component uses workflow services to perform a variety of operations in the life cycle of a task, such as querying tasks for a user, retrieving metadata information related to a task, and so on.

The human task service component presents tasks to users through a variety of channels, such as Oracle BPM Worklist, email, portals, or custom applications. Oracle BPM Worklist, a role-based application that supports the concept of supervisors and process owners, and provides functionality for finding, organizing, managing, and performing tasks.

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (Oracle BAM) is a complete solution for building real-time operational dashboards and monitoring and alerting applications over the Web. Using this technology, business user gain the ability to build interactive, real-time dashboards and proactive alerts to monitor their business services and processes. More specifically, Oracle BAM enables business operation workers and managers to:

Monitor business processes and services in real-time

Analyze events as they occur by correlating events, identifying trends as they emerge, and alerting users to bottlenecks, exceptions, and solutions to business problems

Act on current conditions with event-driven alerts, real-time dashboards, BPEL processes, and Web services integration, enabling quick changes or corrective action to business processes

The graphic depicts the Oracle Business Activity Monitoring active data architecture for dynamically moving real-time data to end users through every step of the process. It shows various mechanisms to feed data into Oracle BAM. Oracle BAM processes incoming data and analyzes events. Oracle BAM Web Applications, including Active Viewer, Active Studio, Architect, Administrator, enable users to build Oracle BAM schema, dashboards, and alerts. BAM Data Control enables developers to create ADF pages with active data content. Oracle BAM and its applications then provide output to users.

Oracle SOA Suite makes it easy to expose SOA events, such as BPEL processes, to the BAM engine. Because many of the events are not SOA events, you need to consider all of the different disparate events and how you want to correlate and aggregate that information together and display in real-time dashboards.

Oracle Complex Event Processing

Databases are best equipped to run queries over finite stored data sets. However, many modern applications require long-running queries over continuous unbounded sets of data. By design, a stored data set is appropriate when significant portions of the data are queried repeatedly and updates are relatively infrequent. In contrast, data streams represent data that is changing constantly, often exclusively through insertions of new elements. It is either unnecessary or impractical to operate on large portions of the data multiple times. Many types of applications generate data streams as opposed to data sets, including sensor data applications, financial tickers, network performance measuring tools, network monitoring and traffic management applications, and clickstream analysis tools. Managing and processing data for these types of applications involves building data management and querying capabilities with a strong temporal focus.

To address this requirement, Oracle SOA Suite provides Oracle Complex Event Processing (Oracle CEP), a data management infrastructure that supports the notion of streams of structured data records together with stored relations. Oracle CEP is included with Oracle SOA Suite, but available as a separate download. It is optimized to handle very large volumes of events, such as those found in bank transactions, that cannot be managed by Oracle BAM. In addition, Oracle Complex Event Processing can perform complex correlations and pattern matching.

For a composite application to use Oracle CEP, an Oracle Mediator publishes business events to the Event Delivery Network (EDN). At runtime, the Oracle CEP Service Engine subscribes to these events. The Oracle CEP Service Engine executes a Continuous Query Language (Oracle CQL) query and searches for patterns in event streams. Oracle CQL is a query language based on SQL with added constructs that support streaming data. Using Oracle CQL, you can express queries on data streams to perform complex event processing. The Oracle CEP Service Engine listens on these streams, caches all the necessary individual, seemingly unrelated events and tries to correlate them into specific patterns. The data provided from complex event processing queries can then be used in Oracle BAM.

The potential applications of Oracle CEP are numerous, from electronic trading and risk management to intrusion detection and compliance monitoring.

Specifically, Oracle CEP provides the following functional areas:

Data and Event Sources: An Oracle CEP event source identifies a producer of data that your Oracle CQL queries operate on. Event sources include data feeds such as wire services and stock tickers, sensors such as temperature, motion, or radio frequency identification (RFID) detectors, and other devices. Oracle CEP provides a variety of adapters that connect such real-world event sources to your Oracle CQL queries. Oracle CEP adapters support the following event sources: JMS, HTTP publisher/subscriber, and file.

Context Creation: Oracle CEP offers a variety of sliding window operators and views (subqueries) that allow you to define the temporal or semantic context in which filtering, correlation and aggregation, and pattern matching takes place. Using windows and views, you can define contexts such as events in the last 5 minutes or events for a particular customer, and so on. Oracle CQL provides a variety of sliding windows, including: range-based (time or constant value), tuple-based, and partitioned. In addition, you can easily define custom window operators.

Filtering: Using Oracle CQL, you can specify queries that select on any of the attributes of the events offered by event sources. You use such queries to filter the event sources to obtain events of interest. Oracle CQL provides a rich set of operators, expressions, conditions, and statements for this purpose.

Correlation and Aggregation: Using Oracle CQL, you can perform advanced statistical and arithmetic operations on the attributes of the events offered by event sources. Oracle CQL provides: single-row functions that return a single result row for every row of a queried stream or view; aggregate functions that return a single aggregate result based on a group of tuples, rather than on a single tuple; statistical and advanced arithmetic operations based on the Colt open source libraries for high performance scientific and technical computing; and statistical and advanced arithmetic operations based on the java.lang.Math class. In addition, you can easily define custom single-row and aggregate functions.

Pattern Matching: Using the Oracle CQL MATCH_RECOGNIZE condition, you can succinctly express complex pattern matching operations for a wide variety of tasks such as algorithmic trading, double-bottom detection, non-event detection, and so on. The following example detects if perishable food is exposed to temperatures of 25 C or higher for more than 5 minutes.

select its.itemId from ItemTempStream

MATCH_RECOGNIZE (

PARTITION BY

itemId

MEASURES

A.itemId as itemId

PATTERN (A B* C)

DEFINE

A AS (A.temp >= 25) and ,

B AS ((B.temp >= 25) and

(B.element_time - A.element_time <>

C AS ((C.temp >= 25) and

C.element_time - A.element_time >= INTERVAL "0 00:00:05:00" DAY TO SECOND)

)) as its

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Complex Event Sinks: An Oracle CQL event sink identifies a consumer of Oracle CQL query results. That is, a consumer of notable events that Oracle CQL queries have extracted from event sources by executing filtering, correlation and aggregation, and pattern matching within various contexts. Typically, notable events are fewer in number (and much higher in value) than the events offered by event sources. Oracle CEP adapters support the following event sinks: JMS, HTTP publisher/subscriber, file, and event beans. Event beans are Plain Old Java Objects (POJO) that contain the business logic you want executed when certain notable events occur.

Oracle User Messaging Service

Oracle User Messaging Service provides a common service responsible for sending out messages from applications to devices. It also routes incoming messages from devices to applications.

You can easily send outgoing notifications from a BPEL process flow or invoke outgoing and incoming messages for tasks assigned to users from a human task.

Oracle B2B

Oracle B2B is an eCommerce gateway that enables the secure and reliable exchange of messages between an enterprise and its trading partners. It is a binding component of the Oracle SOA Suite and this platform enables the implementation of complete end-to-end eCommerce business processes.

What Is eCommerce?

Electronic commerce, eCommerce, is the buying and selling of products or services electronically and can take many forms, for example, machine-to-application, customer-to-application, application-to-application and business-to-business (B2B). In any form, eCommerce, is an integral component of any enterprise integration strategy and the focus must be the business process. You must address process orchestration, error mitigation, data (translation, transformation, and outing), security, compliance, visibility, and management.

What Does Oracle B2B Provide?

Oracle B2B addresses the documents, packaging, transports, messaging services, Trading Partner profiles, and agreements with the following features:

Document Management: Provides multiple document standards, such as definitions, validation, translation, identification, correlation, batching, routing, code lists, and envelope generation.

Trading Partner Management: Provides capabilities to manage trading partner profiles and agreements.

Profiles: Provides trading partners details, such as identifications, contacts, users, delivery channels, supported documents, and security.

Agreements: Enables agreement between trading partners for a specific interaction.

System Management: Provides features to monitor and manage the environment.

The graphic demonstrates a typical eCommerce use case:

The application initiates the purchase order.

A mediator service component receives the purchase order. It validates, performs code conversion, transforms the purchase order to a canonical, and routes the document. (Canonical refers to a canonical data model that is used to transition between different document standards.)

A BPEL process service component receives the purchase order, orchestrates any required business process, and can invoke a human task, business rule, and error handling as required.

A mediator service component receives the purchase order, validates, performs code conversion, transforms the canonical to the target purchase order, and routes the document.

Oracle B2B receives the purchase order, identifies the partner, identifies the agreement, validates the purchase order, translates the purchase order to EDI, generates the EDI envelope, generates acknowledgments, and manages the secure exchange of the purchase order with the external trading partner.

Oracle JDeveloper

Oracle JDeveloper is the development component of Oracle SOA Suite. It forms a comprehensive Integrated Service Environment (ISE) for creating and deploying composite applications and managing the composite.

Oracle JDeveloper enables developers to model, create, discover, assemble, orchestrate, test, deploy, and maintain composite applications based on services.

The SOA Composite Editor enables you to create, edit, and deploy services, and also to assemble them in a composite application, all from a single location. These components are integrated together into one application and communicate with the outside world through binding components such as Web services and JCA adapters.

The SOA Composite Editor enables you to use either of two approaches for designing SOA composite applications:

The top-down approach of building a composite application puts interfaces first and implementation next. For example, you first add BPEL processes, human tasks, business rules, and Oracle Mediator routing services components to an application, and later define the specific content of these service components.

The bottom-up approach takes existing implementations of service components and wraps them with Web service interfaces for assembly into a composite application. For example, you first create and define the specific content of BPEL processes, human tasks, business rules, and Oracle Mediator routing services components, and later create an SOA composite application to which you add these service components.

Oracle JDeveloper provides the following additional editors to design service components:

Oracle BPEL Designer: You can create a BPEL process service component in the SOA composite application of Oracle JDeveloper and then design it by using the BPEL Designer, which is displayed, when you double-click a BPEL process in the SOA Composite Editor.

Oracle Mediator Editor: You can create a mediator service component in the SOA composite application of Oracle JDeveloper, and then design it by using the Mediator Editor, which is displayed when you double-click a Mediator in SOA Composite Editor.

Human Task Editor: You can create a human task service component in the SOA composite application of Oracle JDeveloper and then design it by using the Human Task Editor, which is displayed when you double-click a human task in the SOA Composite Editor.

Business Rules Designer: You can create a business rules service component in the SOA composite application of Oracle JDeveloper and then design it by using the Business Rules Designer, which is displayed when you double-click a business rule in the SOA Composite Editor.

Oracle Enterprise Manager

You can configure, monitor, and manage your SOA composite application during run time from Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control Console. Fusion Middleware Control is a Web browser-based, graphical user interface that you can use to monitor and administer a farm.

A farm is a collection of components managed by Fusion Middleware Control. It can contain Oracle WebLogic Server domains, one Administration Server, one or more Managed Servers, clusters, and the Oracle Fusion Middleware components that are installed, configured, and running in the domain.

Fusion Middleware Control organizes a wide variety of performance data and administrative functions into distinct, Web-based home pages for the farm, domain, servers, components, and applications. The Fusion Middleware Control home pages make it easy to locate the most important monitoring data and the most commonly used administrative functions from your Web browser.

You deploy SOA composite applications designed in Oracle JDeveloper to the SOA Infrastructure. The SOA Infrastructure is a Java EE-compliant application running in Oracle WebLogic Server. The application manages composites and their life cycle, service engines, and binding components.

From Fusion Middleware Control, you select a farm and select the SOA Infrastructure for that farm to begin administration. You can navigate to Oracle SOA Suite administration tasks through the SOA Infrastructure home page and menu. The SOA Infrastructure provides you with access to all deployed SOA composite applications, service engines, service components, business events, and other elements.

Fusion Middleware Control provides a wide variety of administrative and performance data for the SOA components, composite applications, and composite instances within the SOA infrastructure, enabling you to administer and pinpoint issues.

Life Cycle of an SOA Composite Application

The basic life cycle of an SOA composite application is as follows:

Use Oracle JDeveloper to design an SOA composite application with various SOA components.

Package the composite application for deployment.

Deploy the SOA composite application to the SOA Infrastructure. The SOA Infrastructure is a Java EE-compliant application running in Oracle WebLogic Server. The application manages composites and their life cycle, service engines, and binding components.

Use Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control to monitor and manage the composite application for a farm's SOA infrastructure.

SOA Composite Application Architecture

An SOA composite is an assembly of services, service components, and references designed and deployed together in a single application. Wiring between the service, service component, and reference enable message communication. The composite processes the information described in the messages.

The graphic provides an example of a composite that includes a mediator service component and a BPEL service component, an inbound service binding component, and an outbound reference binding component.

Service Components

Service components are the building blocks of an SOA composite application. Each service component is hosted in its own service engine container. Messages sent to the service engine are targeted at specific service components. For example, a message targeted for a BPEL process is sent to the BPEL service engine. Service engines process the message information received from the .

The following service components are available. There is a corresponding service engine of the same name for each service component. All service engines can interact together in a single composite.

BPEL process

For process orchestration and storage of synchronous or asynchronous process. You design a business process that integrates a series of business activities and services into an end-to-end process flow.

Business rules

For designing a business decision based on rules.

Human task

For modeling a workflow that describes the tasks for users or groups to perform as part of an end-to-end business process flow.

Mediator

For routing events (messages) between different components.

Services

Services provide the outside world with an entry point to the SOA composite application. The WSDL file of the service advertises its capabilities to external applications. These capabilities are used for contacting the SOA composite application components. The binding connectivity of the service describes the protocols that can communicate with the service, for example, SOAP/HTTP or a JCA adapter.

References

References enable messages to be sent from the SOA composite application to external services in the outside world.

Wires

Wires enable you to graphically connect the following components in a single SOA composite application for message communication:

Services to service components

Service components to other service components

Service components to reference

Separately Licensed Products

You can use the following separately licensed products with Oracle SOA Suite:

Oracle Service Registry

Other Adapters

Oracle SOA Governance Suite

Oracle Business Process Management Suite

Oracle Business Process Analysis Suite

Oracle Event-Driven Architecture Suite

Oracle Data Integrator

Oracle Business Intelligence

Oracle Service Registry

The Oracle Service Registry provides visibility into services, service providers, and related resources across the enterprise. Specifically, it publishes the Oracle Metadata Repository (MDS) services to the outside world. It provides a configurable, scalable, secure repository, called the Oracle Application Server UDDI Registry, of Web services that can be managed, discovered and governed by Oracle Fusion Middleware. The Oracle Service Registry advertises the existence of these services to potential consumers. The Oracle Service Registry provides the following services for an enterprise:

Enables service providers to publish and advertise their offerings

Allows service consumers to find, access, and invoke services that meet defined criteria

Provides critical features for SOA governance

For Oracle SOA Suite, a BPEL process service component use the UDDI registry to store a service key for a partner link in a BPEL process, and a mediator service component uses the registry to store a service key for a SOAP service. A BPEL process service component interacts with external services through partner links, and a mediator service component can route to an external SOAP services. When the SOA composite application runs, BPEL process and mediator service components use the service key to query the UDDI registry for the WSDL URL for the service. In this way, Oracle Service Registry manages the endpoint for WSDLs rather than Oracle BPEL Process Manager and Oracle Mediator.

The Oracle Service Registry is also provided as part of the Oracle SOA Governance Suite.

Other Adapters

Oracle provides the following packaged-application adapters for integrating Oracle SOA Suite with various packaged applications, such as SAP and Siebel:

Oracle Applications

PeopleSoft

SAP R/3

Siebel

PeopleSoft

J.D. Edwards OneWorld

Oracle provides the following legacy adapters for integrating Oracle SOA Suite with legacy and mainframe applications:

Tuxedo

CICS

VSAM

IMS/TM

IMS/DB

Oracle SOA Governance Suite

eases the transition of an organization to service-oriented architecture (SOA) by providing a means to reduce risk, maintain business alignment, and show business value of SOA investments through a combination of people, process, and technology. Oracle's holistic SOA governance solution automates essential SOA governance processes to enable organizations to realize the agility benefits of SOA while managing risk in the transformation to SOA. It provides end-to-end capabilities to support SOA governance efforts, regardless of the status or progress of an organization's SOA transformation. Whether just embarking on an SOA program, or expanding from project or pilot to broader deployment, the Oracle SOA Governance Suite solution guides organizations along the path to demonstrated, measurable SOA success. Oracle SOA Governance Suite is Oracle Fusion Middleware's strategic approach to governing SOA.

Components in Oracle SOA Governance Suite provide visibility, control and analytics to make SOA initiatives successful:

Oracle Enterprise Repository provides metadata management for all assets within the SOA and sophisticated tools for governing those assets throughout the lifecycle and enabling their reuse.

Serving as the core of Oracle SOA Governance, its primary focus is managing the detailed asset metadata associated with the design-time stages of the service lifecycle and applying structure for promoting those assets through the different stages of the lifecycle.

Oracle Service Registry provides a standards-based reference for the dynamic discovery and use of services and their associated policies at runtime.

It contains a subset of the metadata managed within Oracle Enterprise Repository that is useful to the runtime infrastructure for dynamic discovery of services and policies. Service descriptions, service location and end points, service operations and parameters, and service policies are all examples of the information available within the registry. Oracle Enterprise Repository publishes services, policies, endpoints, categorizations, and artifacts to the Oracle Service Registry at each stage of the lifecycle. Reciprocally, assets in the Oracle Service Registry can be submitted back to the Oracle Enterprise Repository for visibility and governance.

Oracle Web Services Manager provides message-level security policies.

Oracle Enterprise Manager SOA Management Pack provides management of business processes and SOA deployments.

Oracle Business Process Management Suite

The Oracle Business Process Management (Oracle BPM) Suite enables unparalleled collaboration between business and IT, as it provides both process modeling and design capabilities in one tool. The Oracle BPM Suite enables business users to drive process modeling with minimal IT involvement. The Oracle BPM Suite is intended for human-centric use cases that require flexibility and collaboration.

Specifically, the Oracle BPM Suite contains the following components:

Oracle BPM Studio provides a modeling tool for both business analysts and IT to build and test processes. It supports both Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and XML Process Definition Language (XPDL) standards.

Oracle BPM User Interaction provides user interface options for end-user interaction with processes, including the BPM WorkSpace (which is a Web based UI), extensions, or portlets that integration with Oracle's portal solutions, and lastly, options that enable process interaction through Microsoft Office. Oracle BPM Dashboards provide process visibility into the processes.

Oracle BPM Business Rules provide a comprehensive rules engine that enables externalization of rules and policies.

Oracle BPM Server provide execution of BPMN and XPDL processes. It also enables you import and export XPDL processes to BPEL process for use with Oracle BPA Suite.

Oracle BPM Process Administrator enables administration of processes.

Although there are some overlaps between Oracle BPA Suite and Oracle BPM Suite, such as BPMN modeling and simulation, the two suites address distinct use cases. While the Oracle BPA Suite supports top-down modeling starting from business objectives and strategies down to BPMN models, Oracle BPM Suite provides BPMN modeling and implementation and not the higher-level modeling features of Oracle BPA Suite.

Oracle Business Process Analysis Suite

Oracle Business Process Analysis (Oracle BPA) Suite is a modeling and analysis tool targeted at business analysts. Oracle BPA Suite extends the business value of BPEL processes and fosters collaboration between business analysis and IT. It enables process owners, skilled business analysts, and architects to perform process modeling and analysis, simulation and publishing of process models. The Oracle BPA Suite further supports the execution and monitoring of these process models for IT Developers with BPEL and Oracle BAM.

Specifically, Oracle BPA Suite contains the following components:

Architect provides process modeling using BPEL, built upon a robust service-oriented architecture, for drawing business processes.

Publisher provides a role-based presentation of process models to a Web portal.

Repository stores and provides concurrent access to business process models and related artifacts. IT developers can use Oracle JDeveloper to utilize these models to create SOA composite applications.

Simulator simulates the process

models based on a set of discrete events to do "what if" analysis. This simulation enables business analysts to discover bottlenecks, determine process throughput time, compare process alternatives,and quantify the impact of organization changes.

Oracle SOA Extensions take business processes from concepts to execution by sharing process blueprints with Oracle SOA Suite.

Oracle BPA enables collaboration among business and IT users by disseminating and distributing information. The business models promote rapid BPEL development by propagating business changes in real-time to IT. Changes can also apply to current work without IT losing work.

Unlike the Oracle BPM Suite, the business process models in the BPA Studio have to be explicitly promoted to be viewed with Oracle JDeveloper. This suite is beneficial when an enterprise is interested in how their organization or their business processes work, usually as part of a project to create a new process or to redesign or improve an existing process.

SuiteOracle Event-Driven Architecture

Oracle Event-Driven Architecture (Oracle EDA) Suite provides a set of Oracle integration products focused on meeting the event-driven application development needs for developers defining front-office applications that require low latency, high throughput, and deterministic processing of data or event streams. Oracle EDA Suite provides developers with a lightweight Java server for event processing tuned for high-throughput, low latency use cases on top of JRocket Real-Time. In addition to this event server, the Oracle EDA Suite is differentiated from the competition's offering by providing an industry-leading event processing engine and an event visibility platform.

Components in the Oracle EDA Suite provide visibility, control, and analytics to make SOA initiatives successful:

Oracle Business Rules

Oracle Service Bus

Oracle Complex Event Processing

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring

Oracle Business Rules

Oracle Business Rules, initiated by a BPEL process service component, enable dynamic decisions at runtime allowing you to automate policies, constraints, computations, and reasoning while separating rule logic from underlying application code. In addition, the human task and mediator service components can make use of rules for dynamic routing. A mediator service component can use a business rule for routing messages, and a human task can use a business rule for routing assignments. The Oracle Metadata Repository (MDS) stores the rulesets for Oracle Business Rules.

Oracle Business Rules provide more agile rule maintenance and empowers business analysts with the ability to modify rule logic without programmer assistance and without interrupting business processes.

Oracle Service Bus

Oracle Service Bus, available as a separate download with an Oracle SOA Suite license, is an intermediary that processes incoming service request messages, determines routing logic, and transforms these messages for compatibility with other service consumers. It receives messages through a transport protocol such as HTTP(S), JMS, File, and

FTP, and sends messages through the same or a different transport protocol. Service response

messages follow the inverse path.

Oracle Service Bus connects, mediates, and manages interactions between heterogeneous services, not just Web services, but also Java and .Net, messaging services and legacy endpoints. It uniquely delivers the integration capabilities of an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) with operational service management in a single product with an efficient, seamless user experience. With its flexible deployment options and automated integration with Oracle SOA Governance Suite, Oracle Service Bus handles the deployment, management and governance challenges of implementing SOA from department to enterprise scale.

Specifically, Oracle Service provides the following functional areas:

Management: Provides embedded service management capabilities that provide optimized governance of all messaging. Its preemptive support ensures that mission-critical business processes continue to serve customer needs, even as business demands, requirements, and workloads change.

Mediation: Provides a rich environment for content-based routing, message transformations, and lightweight orchestrations.

Adaptive Messaging: Reliably connects any service by leveraging standards Web service transports, traditional messaging protocols and configuration of enterprise-specific custom transports.

Security: Provides a rapid service configuration and integration environment that abstracts policies associated with routing rules, security, and service end-point access.

Oracle Complex Event Processing

Databases are best equipped to run queries over finite stored data sets. However, many modern applications require long-running queries over continuous unbounded sets of data. By design, a stored data set is appropriate when significant portions of the data are queried repeatedly and updates are relatively infrequent. In contrast, data streams represent data that is changing constantly, often exclusively through insertions of new elements. It is either unnecessary or impractical to operate on large portions of the data multiple times. Many types of applications generate data streams as opposed to data sets, including sensor data applications, financial tickers, network performance measuring tools, network monitoring and traffic management applications, and clickstream analysis tools. Managing and processing data for these types of applications involves building data management and querying capabilities with a strong temporal focus.

To address this requirement, Oracle SOA Suite provides Oracle Complex Event Processing (Oracle CEP), a data management infrastructure that supports the notion of streams of structured data records together with stored relations. Oracle CEP is included with Oracle SOA Suite, but available as a separate download. It is optimized to handle very large volumes of events, such as those found in bank transactions, that cannot be managed by Oracle BAM. In addition, Oracle Complex Event Processing can perform complex correlations and pattern matching.

For a composite application to use Oracle CEP, an Oracle Mediator publishes business events to the Event Delivery Network (EDN). At runtime, the Oracle CEP Service Engine subscribes to these events. The Oracle CEP Service Engine executes a Continuous Query Language (Oracle CQL) query and searches for patterns in event streams. Oracle CQL is a query language based on SQL with added constructs that support streaming data. Using Oracle CQL, you can express queries on data streams to perform complex event processing. The Oracle CEP Service Engine listens on these streams, caches all the necessary individual, seemingly unrelated events and tries to correlate them into specific patterns. The data provided from complex event processing queries can then be used in Oracle BAM.

The potential applications of Oracle CEP are numerous, from electronic trading and risk management to intrusion detection and compliance monitoring.

Specifically, Oracle CEP provides the following functional areas:

Data and Event Sources: An Oracle CEP event source identifies a producer of data that your Oracle CQL queries operate on. Event sources include data feeds such as wire services and stock tickers, sensors such as temperature, motion, or radio frequency identification (RFID) detectors, and other devices. Oracle CEP provides a variety of adapters that connect such real-world event sources to your Oracle CQL queries. Oracle CEP adapters support the following event sources: JMS, HTTP publisher/subscriber, and file.

Context Creation: Oracle CEP offers a variety of sliding window operators and views (subqueries) that allow you to define the temporal or semantic context in which filtering, correlation and aggregation, and pattern matching takes place. Using windows and views, you can define contexts such as events in the last 5 minutes or events for a particular customer, and so on. Oracle CQL provides a variety of sliding windows, including: range-based (time or constant value), tuple-based, and partitioned. In addition, you can easily define custom window operators.

Filtering: Using Oracle CQL, you can specify queries that select on any of the attributes of the events offered by event sources. You use such queries to filter the event sources to obtain events of interest. Oracle CQL provides a rich set of operators, expressions, conditions, and statements for this purpose.

Correlation and Aggregation: Using Oracle CQL, you can perform advanced statistical and arithmetic operations on the attributes of the events offered by event sources. Oracle CQL provides: single-row functions that return a single result row for every row of a queried stream or view; aggregate functions that return a single aggregate result based on a group of tuples, rather than on a single tuple; statistical and advanced arithmetic operations based on the Colt open source libraries for high performance scientific and technical computing; and statistical and advanced arithmetic operations based on the java.lang.Math class. In addition, you can easily define custom single-row and aggregate functions.

Pattern Matching: Using the Oracle CQL MATCH_RECOGNIZE condition, you can succinctly express complex pattern matching operations for a wide variety of tasks such as algorithmic trading, double-bottom detection, non-event detection, and so on. The following example detects if perishable food is exposed to temperatures of 25 C or higher for more than 5 minutes.

select its.itemId from ItemTempStream

MATCH_RECOGNIZE (

PARTITION BY

itemId

MEASURES

A.itemId as itemId

PATTERN (A B* C)

DEFINE

A AS (A.temp >= 25) and ,

B AS ((B.temp >= 25) and

(B.element_time - A.element_time <>

C AS ((C.temp >= 25) and

C.element_time - A.element_time >= INTERVAL "0 00:00:05:00" DAY TO SECOND)

)) as its

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Complex Event Sinks: An Oracle CQL event sink identifies a consumer of Oracle CQL query results. That is, a consumer of notable events that Oracle CQL queries have extracted from event sources by executing filtering, correlation and aggregation, and pattern matching within various contexts. Typically, notable events are fewer in number (and much higher in value) than the events offered by event sources. Oracle CEP adapters support the following event sinks: JMS, HTTP publisher/subscriber, file, and event beans. Event beans are Plain Old Java Objects (POJO) that contain the business logic you want executed when certain notable events occur.

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (Oracle BAM) is a complete solution for building real-time operational dashboards and monitoring and alerting applications over the Web. Using this technology, business user gain the ability to build interactive, real-time dashboards and proactive alerts to monitor their business services and processes. More specifically, Oracle BAM enables business operation workers and managers to:

Monitor business processes and services in real-time

Analyze events as they occur by correlating events, identifying trends as they emerge, and alerting users to bottlenecks, exceptions, and solutions to business problems

Act on current conditions with event-driven alerts, real-time dashboards, BPEL processes, and Web services integration, enabling quick changes or corrective action to business processes

The graphic depicts the Oracle Business Activity Monitoring active data architecture for dynamically moving real-time data to end users through every step of the process. It shows various mechanisms to feed data into Oracle BAM. Oracle BAM processes incoming data and analyzes events. Oracle BAM Web Applications, including Active Viewer, Active Studio, Architect, Administrator, enable users to build Oracle BAM schema, dashboards, and alerts. BAM Data Control enables developers to create ADF pages with active data content. Oracle BAM and its applications then provide output to users.

Oracle SOA Suite makes it easy to expose SOA events, such as BPEL processes, to the BAM engine. Because many of the events are not SOA events, you need to consider all of the different disparate events and how you want to correlate and aggregate that information together and display in real-time dashboards.

Oracle Data Integrator

Oracle Data Integrator helps to you to integrate the vast amounts of information stored in disparate systems. Oracle Data Integrator streamlines the high-performance movement and transformation of data between disparate systems in batch, real-time, synchronous, and asynchronous modes, with a focus on batch processing large amounts of data.

Oracle Data Integrator is optimized to handle very large transformations that cannot be managed by Oracle Mediator. The main scenarios are depicted in the graphic:

A BPEL process or a mediator service component passes XML payload for a document larger than 10 MB to Oracle Data Integrator to transform the payload.

A BPEL process or an mediator service component passes an XML payload to Oracle Data Integrator to transform and load an XML file into a database.

Oracle BAM, Oracle Complex Event Processing, Oracle BPEL Process Manager, human task, or Oracle Mediator trigger a rule requiring a data warehouse refresh for Oracle Business Intelligence. Oracle Data Integrator orchestrates data-tier loading and insertion into a staging area, and then transforms aggregate data and loads tables, enabling Oracle Business Intelligence and data warehouse applications to report on the triggered data.

Oracle SOA Suite and Oracle Data Integrator enable enterprises to perform any kind of data transfer and transformations: from real-time to batch and from small data changes propagation to complete replications. They enable companies to more easily handle initiatives related to business intelligence (BI), data warehousing, master data management (MDM), Oracle BAM, application migration and consolidation, and SOA.

Oracle Business Intelligence

Many IT environments use multiple applications and multiple data sources, making it challenging to:

Automate business processes across applications

Modify business processes

Make relevant business insight

Provide access across applications

When Oracle Business Intelligence is used in conjunction with SOA composite applications, your organization can meet these challenges. Oracle SOA Suite and Oracle Business Intelligence enable business analysts to:

Gain insight from monitor and analyze business-process data. Oracle BAM provides visibility of in-flight BPEL processes and Oracle Business Intelligence shows the business impact of process performance by integrating application and process data and providing ad-hoc analysis and reporting.

Take action from the dashboards, alerts, and reports provided by Oracle Business Intelligence. For example, a BI dashboard can initiate a BPEL process.

Orientate business processes towards business goals. You can design a BPEL process to leverage business metrics in Oracle Business Rules and generate, access, and deliver business intelligence reports.

Specifically, Oracle Business Intelligence helps answer key business questions by providing the following output to business analysts:

Production reports support all document types, such as invoices, checks, statements, and government forms.

Financial reports provide formatted financial statements and built-in financial intelligence.

Ad-hoc queries enable business users to create and modify charts, picots, and dashboards.

Interactive dashboards provide dynamic, event-driven guided analytics for leading business analysts from insight to action.

Detections and alerts provide notifications to any device in multiple formats, such as PDF reports and Briefing Books.

Microsoft Office output provides dynamic updates across applications.

Disconnected and mobile analytics provide offline reports and dashboards to PDAs, phones, and laptops

Desktop gadgets provide collaboration through report sharing, chatting, and discussion.